Infertility in women, causes and methods used in treatment
Infertility is the result that spouses reach after many and continuous attempts to conceive a pregnancy in the manner of normal practice, for a period of at least one year without the use of contraception or means of protection.
Part of the infertility cases are due to causes related to the man, and the second part is due to causes related to the woman, and there is another part related to both spouses, in addition to factors that he has not yet recognized.
Infertility in women
There is a part of infertility cases, estimated at one third of cases, for reasons and problems specific to women, as we mentioned earlier, which are various and different causes.
In spite of this, modern medicine techniques have created alternative solutions to infertility problems, especially if they are related to women.
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Causes of infertility in women
The main causes are ovulation problems and disorders due to the non-occurrence or non-occurrence of ovulation, which comes in many forms.
The cause of female infertility may be PCOS, which is the formation of vesicles or fluid-filled sacs on the ovaries, which leads to an imbalance in the ovulation process.
This syndrome is caused by the excess secretion of androgenic hormones in greater than normal quantities.
Among these causes also thyroid disorders, and those disorders are either overactive or underactive thyroid gland, and both conditions cause disturbances in the ovulation and menstrual cycle.
It is worth noting that when treating thyroid disorders, it contributes to the treatment of ovulation and thus the ability to conceive.
The cause may be premature ovarian failure, which is a condition where the ovaries stop producing eggs and a lack of estrogen production, and this condition occurs early in women before they reach 40 years of age.
Premature ovarian failure occurs as a result of exposure to types of chemotherapy, or as a result of an autoimmune disorder, or as a result of genetic and hereditary factors.
Infertility as a result (fallopian tubes)
The cause of infertility may be damage to the fallopian tubes or pelvic adhesions, because they have an important role in the success of the pregnancy process, because they transfer the fertilized egg to the uterus, such as tubal infertility and endometriosis.
Tubal infertility occurs when the fallopian tubes are scarred or deformed, leading to blockage, and this hinders the fertilized egg from reaching the uterus to complete the pregnancy.
And this damage can be treated with surgical intervention, or alternative medicine techniques such as artificial insemination or the so-called IVF.
The fallopian tubes may be damaged as a result of genital tuberculosis, which is the most important cause of tubal sterility, or pelvic infection that affects the fallopian tubes and uterus and pelvis as a result of gonorrhea or any other sexually transmitted diseases.
Damage to the fallopian tubes may cause endometriosis, or endometriosis, a condition in which tissue similar to the endometrium grows in abnormal areas.
It also causes pelvic pain, tissue abnormalities and inflammation in the pelvis, and the possibility of pregnancy as a result of adhesions, which causes trapping of the egg and preventing entry through the fallopian tube.
Fever is not a major cause of infertility, but rather a woman's fertility problems.
And sexually transmitted diseases may cause permanent damage to the uterus, fallopian tubes or the tissues surrounding them, increasing the likelihood of infertility.
Infertility as a result of problems in the womb
If there are problems with the cervix or the womb itself, it may affect fertility, affect the possibility of a miscarriage, and may also affect the successful entry of a fertilized egg into the uterus.
Among the causes of problems with the uterus are fibroids or polyps in the uterus, which lead to a blockage in the fallopian tubes.
Or if the fertilized egg doesn't reach the uterus, and it may affect fertility as well.
The narrowing of the cervix is one of the problems that may affect the uterus, affect fertility, prevent the success of pregnancy, and lead to infertility, and this occurs as a result of damage or genetic deformation in the uterus.
Or that the uterus has infections or scars that prevent implantation of the fertilized egg in the uterus, or the inability of the uterine wall to produce the mucus that allows sperm to pass from the cervix to the uterus.
There are some factors that affect the work of sperm, which may reduce the chances of pregnancy, such as the inability of the uterine wall to produce mucus, as mentioned previously.
Or a deficiency in the hormone estrogen, which has an important role in receiving and transmitting sperm and stimulating its activity, or the absence of antibodies in the mucus of sperm.
Symptoms of infertility in women
The main symptom of infertility in a woman is her inability to conceive.
This symptom is accompanied by other symptoms such as disturbances in the menstrual cycle, such as that it increases and the periods are related to each other, or an abnormal period decreases.
A woman's risk factors for infertility
There are some factors that may pose a risk to a woman's fertility and may make her infertile, such as smoking and drinking alcohol, and the chance of pregnancy is low, and they also affect the effectiveness of fertility treatment.
Old age is one of the risk factors for a woman to become infertile, as fertility gradually decreases with age, because the eggs produced by the ovaries decrease by reaching the mid-thirties.
Irregular menstruation is considered a risk factor that may lead to infertility, especially for women with higher or less than normal weight, so it is necessary to reach a normal weight while following a healthy lifestyle.
Having an STD that can affect the fertility of one or both spouses.
Excess weight or less than normal weight is a risk factor for infertility, because fertility may be affected due to severe or low-calorie diets.
Or because there are eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
Treatment of female infertility
There is no doubt that knowing the main cause of infertility makes it easier to find a suitable treatment for it.
If the main culprit is anemic or irregular ovulation, there is a treatment to realign ovulation.
If the cause is a blockage in part of the reproductive system, a blockage of the fallopian tubes, the uterus, or the cervix, it may require surgical treatment.
And the treatment may be artificial insemination or microscopic fertilization, and that is if the regular treatment cannot solve the problem.
In it, a sample of sperm is taken from the husband, and a mature egg from the wife, and then it is fertilized externally in the laboratory, then the egg is returned to the wife's uterus in order to continue its growth
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